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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>PeertoPeer Poll up to 14 users (no vote loops)</title>
<style>
body {font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; margin:20px;}
#options li {margin:5px 0;}
button {margin-left:5px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>PeertoPeer Poll (max14 participants)</h2>
<div id="setup">
<label>Your Peer ID: <input id="myId" readonly size="30"></label><br><br>
<label>Room host ID (leave empty if you are the first client):
<input id="hostId" placeholder="host peer id">
</label>
<button id="joinBtn">Join / Create Room</button>
<p id="status"></p>
</div>
<hr>
<h3>Poll</h3>
<ul id="options"></ul>
<input id="newOption" placeholder="New option text">
<button id="addOptionBtn">Add option</button>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/peerjs@1.5.4/dist/peerjs.min.js"></script>
<script>
/* ---------- 1. Initialise PeerJS ---------- */
const peer = new Peer(); // public signalling server
const myIdInput = document.getElementById('myId');
const statusEl = document.getElementById('status');
let isHost = false; // true for the first client
let connections = []; // all open DataConnections
let knownPeers = new Set(); // IDs of every peer we know (including host)
peer.on('open', id => {
myIdInput.value = id;
statusEl.textContent = 'Enter a host ID (or leave empty) and click Join.';
});
/* ---------- 2. Accept incoming connections (host side) ---------- */
peer.on('connection', incoming => {
registerConnection(incoming);
});
/* ---------- 3. Join / create a room ---------- */
document.getElementById('joinBtn').onclick = () => {
const hostId = document.getElementById('hostId').value.trim();
if (hostId) {
isHost = false;
connectToPeer(hostId);
statusEl.textContent = `Connecting to host ${hostId}`;
} else {
isHost = true;
knownPeers.add(peer.id);
statusEl.textContent = 'Room created share this Peer ID with others.';
}
};
/* ---------- 4. Helper: connect to a remote peer ---------- */
function connectToPeer(peerId) {
if (knownPeers.has(peerId)) return;
const conn = peer.connect(peerId);
registerConnection(conn);
}
/* ---------- 5. Register a DataConnection ---------- */
function registerConnection(conn) {
if (!conn) return;
connections.push(conn);
knownPeers.add(conn.peer);
conn.on('open', () => {
// 1⃣ Send full poll state
conn.send({type: 'full', payload: poll, msgId: crypto.randomUUID()});
// 2⃣ If we are the host, tell the newcomer about other peers
if (isHost) {
const others = Array.from(knownPeers).filter(id => id !== conn.peer && id !== peer.id);
if (others.length) conn.send({type: 'peer-list', payload: others, msgId: crypto.randomUUID()});
}
});
conn.on('data', data => handleMessage(data, conn.peer));
conn.on('close', () => {
connections = connections.filter(c => c !== conn);
knownPeers.delete(conn.peer);
});
}
/* ---------- 6. Shared poll state ---------- */
let poll = {options: []}; // each option: {id, text, votes}
/* ---------- 7. Track my own votes ---------- */
const myVotes = new Set(); // option.id values
/* ---------- 8. Remember which messages we already processed ---------- */
const seenMsgIds = new Set();
/* ---------- 9. Broadcast helper (skip the sender) ---------- */
function broadcast(msg, except = null) {
connections.forEach(c => {
if (c.open && c.peer !== except) c.send(msg);
});
}
/* ---------- 10. Message handling ---------- */
function handleMessage(msg, senderId) {
// Ignore duplicates
if (seenMsgIds.has(msg.msgId)) return;
seenMsgIds.add(msg.msgId);
switch (msg.type) {
case 'full':
poll = msg.payload;
render();
break;
case 'add':
poll.options.push(msg.payload);
render();
broadcast(msg, senderId); // forward once
break;
case 'vote':
const opt = poll.options.find(o => o.id === msg.payload.id);
if (opt) opt.votes++;
render();
broadcast(msg, senderId);
break;
case 'peer-list':
msg.payload.forEach(id => {
if (id !== peer.id && !knownPeers.has(id)) connectToPeer(id);
});
break;
}
}
/* ---------- 11. UI rendering ---------- */
function render() {
const ul = document.getElementById('options');
ul.innerHTML = '';
poll.options.forEach(opt => {
const li = document.createElement('li');
li.textContent = `${opt.text} ${opt.votes} vote(s)`;
const btn = document.createElement('button');
btn.textContent = myVotes.has(opt.id) ? 'Voted' : 'Vote';
btn.disabled = myVotes.has(opt.id);
btn.onclick = () => {
// Record locally prevents doubleclick on the same client
myVotes.add(opt.id);
btn.textContent = 'Voted';
btn.disabled = true;
const voteMsg = {
type: 'vote',
payload: {id: opt.id},
msgId: crypto.randomUUID()
};
// Apply locally first
opt.votes++;
render();
// Send to all peers
broadcast(voteMsg);
};
li.appendChild(btn);
ul.appendChild(li);
});
}
/* ---------- 12. Add new option ---------- */
document.getElementById('addOptionBtn').onclick = () => {
const txt = document.getElementById('newOption').value.trim();
if (!txt) return;
const option = {id: crypto.randomUUID(), text: txt, votes: 0};
poll.options.push(option);
render();
const addMsg = {
type: 'add',
payload: option,
msgId: crypto.randomUUID()
};
broadcast(addMsg);
document.getElementById('newOption').value = '';
};
</script>
</body>
</html>

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# P2P Poll App
This is a very simple polling app using peerjs.
It runs as a single HTML file and can handle multiple users in one poll room.
The app once open is self explanatory.
App created with the help of GPTOSS120B.
# P2P Poll App
## Install npm packages
```
npm init -y
npm install
```
Note: the frontend obtains the packages `yjs` and `y-websocket` dynamically.
## Run backend
```
node backend.js
```
### Note on Yjs suggestion
Note that the following server setup is suggested in the Yjs docs (https://docs.yjs.dev/ecosystem/connection-provider/y-websocket):
```
npm install y-websocket-server
HOST=localhost PORT=1000 npx y-websocket
```
However, across a range of npm versions, this does not work.
Nevertheless, the essential code from the `y-websocket-server` package is used here as provided in `utils.js`.
## Run frontend
Open "frontend.html" in browser.

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import { WebSocketServer } from 'ws';
import { setupWSConnection } from './utils.js'
// Create a WebSocket server
const WS_PORT = 8080;
const wss = new WebSocketServer({ port: WS_PORT });
console.log('WebSocket server is running on ws://localhost:' + String(WS_PORT));
// Connection event handler
wss.on('connection', setupWSConnection);
/*
wss.on('connection', (ws) => {
console.log('Client connected');
// Message event handler
ws.on('message', (message) => {
let msg_str = String(message);
console.log("Received: " + msg_str);
// If this is a text or state message (no Yjs logic) - echo the message back to the client
if (msg_str.startsWith("TEXT_MESSAGE") | msg_str.startsWith("STATE_MESSAGE")) {
ws.send(msg_str);
}
});
// Close event handler
ws.on('close', () => {
console.log('Client disconnected');
});
});*/

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Poll Client</title>
<style>
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
max-width: 600px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
}
#messages {
height: 300px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
overflow-y: auto;
padding: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.message { margin: 5px 0; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Poll Client</h1>
<div id="status">Connecting to server...</div>
<div id="status2">Connecting to server...</div>
<div id="messages"></div>
<div>
<input type="text" id="messageInput" placeholder="Type your message">
<!--button onclick="sendMessage()">Send</button-->
<button id="sendBtn">Send</button>
<input id="optionInput" placeholder="Add option">
<button id="addBtn">Add</button>
<ul id="options"></ul>
</div>
<script type="module">
import * as Y from "https://esm.sh/yjs"
import { WebsocketProvider } from "https://esm.sh/y-websocket"
const WS_PORT = 8080;
const ydoc = new Y.Doc();
const status = document.getElementById('status');
const status2 = document.getElementById('status2');
const messages = document.getElementById('messages');
const messageInput = document.getElementById('messageInput');
// Connect to the backend (WebSocket server) via Yjs WebsocketProvider
const wsp = new WebsocketProvider(
'ws://localhost:' + String(WS_PORT), 'poll-room',
ydoc
)
wsp.on('status', event => {
//console.log("event.status =", event.status)
if (event.status == "connected") {
status.textContent = 'Yjs connected to WebSocket server';
status.style.color = 'green';
}
else {
status.textContent = 'Yjs disonnected from WebSocket server';
status.style.color = 'red';
}
})
wsp.onopen = () => {
console.log('connected to y-websocket server');
};
ydoc.on('update', () => {
console.log('Yjs document updated locally');
});
wsp.on('sync', isSynced => {
console.log("isSynced =", isSynced)
})
// Connect to the backend (WebSocket server) via common WebSocket (only for informative messages)
const ws = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:' + String(WS_PORT));
ws.onopen = () => {
status2.textContent = 'WebSocket client connected to WebSocket server';
status2.style.color = 'green';
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const message = document.createElement('div');
message.className = 'message';
message.textContent = event.data;
messages.appendChild(message);
messages.scrollTop = messages.scrollHeight;
};
ws.onerror = (error) => {
status2.textContent = 'Error: ' + error.message;
status2.style.color = 'red';
};
ws.onclose = () => {
status2.textContent = 'WebSocket client disconnected from WebSocket server';
status2.style.color = 'red';
};
// Function to send a message
function sendMessage(command, payload) {
let message = "";
if (command === "TEXT_MESSAGE") {
message = command + ":" + messageInput.value.trim();
messageInput.value = "";
}
else if (command.startsWith("STATE_MESSAGE--")) {
message = command + ":" + payload;
}
else {
console.log("Error: unknown command '" + command + "'")
}
if (message) {
/* To make compatible with y-websocket-server API:
const encoder = encoding.createEncoder()
encoding.writeVarUint(encoder, messageTextMessage)
syncProtocol.writeUpdate(encoder, update)
enc_message = encoding.toUint8Array(encoder)*/
ws.send(message);
}
}
// Send message on button click
document.getElementById("sendBtn").onclick = () => {
sendMessage("TEXT_MESSAGE", "");
};
// Send message on Enter key
messageInput.addEventListener('keypress', (e) => {
if (e.key === 'Enter') {
sendMessage("TEXT_MESSAGE", "");
}
});
// Actual poll logic
const optionsMap = ydoc.getMap("options");
const optionsList = document.getElementById("options");
const input = document.getElementById("optionInput");
function render() {
optionsList.innerHTML = ""
optionsMap.forEach((vote, name) => {
// List element for this option
const li = document.createElement("li")
// Label for this option
const label = document.createElement("span")
label.textContent = name + " — " + vote + " "
// "Vote"/"Unvote" button
const voteBtn = document.createElement("button")
if (vote == false) {
voteBtn.textContent = "Vote"
}
else {
voteBtn.textContent = "Unvote"
}
voteBtn.onclick = () => {
vote = !vote;
optionsMap.set(name, vote);
sendMessage("STATE_MESSAGE--" + (vote ? "VOTE" : "UNVOTE"), name);
}
// "Remove" button
const removeBtn = document.createElement("button")
removeBtn.textContent = "Remove"
removeBtn.onclick = () => {
optionsMap.delete(name);
sendMessage("STATE_MESSAGE--REMOVE", name);
}
li.appendChild(label)
li.appendChild(voteBtn)
li.appendChild(removeBtn)
optionsList.appendChild(li)
})
};
document.getElementById("addBtn").onclick = () => {
const name = input.value.trim()
if (!name) return
if (!optionsMap.has(name)) {
optionsMap.set(name, false);
sendMessage("STATE_MESSAGE--ADD_OPTION", name);
}
input.value = ""
};
optionsMap.observe(render);
render();
</script>
</body>
</html>

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package-lock.json generated Normal file
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{
"name": "yjs-poll",
"version": "1.0.0",
"lockfileVersion": 3,
"requires": true,
"packages": {
"": {
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"license": "ISC",
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"lib0": "^0.2.102",
"ws": "^8.19.0",
"yjs": "^14.0.0-7"
}
},
"node_modules/@y/protocols": {
"version": "1.0.6-rc.1",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@y/protocols/-/protocols-1.0.6-rc.1.tgz",
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"funding": {
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"url": "https://github.com/sponsors/dmonad"
},
"peerDependencies": {
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"license": "MIT",
"bin": {
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"0gentesthtml": "src/bin/gentesthtml.js",
"0serve": "src/bin/0serve.js"
},
"engines": {
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},
"funding": {
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"peer": true,
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"bin": {
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"0gentesthtml": "bin/gentesthtml.js",
"0serve": "bin/0serve.js"
},
"engines": {
"node": ">=16"
},
"funding": {
"type": "GitHub Sponsors ❤",
"url": "https://github.com/sponsors/dmonad"
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"type": "GitHub Sponsors ❤",
"url": "https://github.com/sponsors/dmonad"
}
}
}
}

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{
"name": "yjs-poll",
"version": "1.0.0",
"main": "index.js",
"type": "module",
"scripts": {
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
"y-websocket": "y-websocket"
},
"keywords": [],
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"description": "",
"dependencies": {
"ws": "^8.19.0",
"@y/protocols": "^1.0.6-1",
"lib0": "^0.2.102",
"yjs": "^14.0.0-7"
}
}

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/* Adapted from https://github.com/yjs/y-websocket-server/blob/main/src/server.js, version of 2025-04-02
(author: dmonad/Kevin Jahns, MIT license) */
import * as Y from 'yjs'
import * as syncProtocol from '@y/protocols/sync'
import * as awarenessProtocol from '@y/protocols/awareness'
import * as encoding from 'lib0/encoding'
import * as decoding from 'lib0/decoding'
import * as map from 'lib0/map'
import * as eventloop from 'lib0/eventloop'
/*import { callbackHandler, isCallbackSet } from './callback.js'
const CALLBACK_DEBOUNCE_WAIT = parseInt(process.env.CALLBACK_DEBOUNCE_WAIT || '2000')
const CALLBACK_DEBOUNCE_MAXWAIT = parseInt(process.env.CALLBACK_DEBOUNCE_MAXWAIT || '10000')
const debouncer = eventloop.createDebouncer(CALLBACK_DEBOUNCE_WAIT, CALLBACK_DEBOUNCE_MAXWAIT)*/
const wsReadyStateConnecting = 0
const wsReadyStateOpen = 1
const wsReadyStateClosing = 2 // eslint-disable-line
const wsReadyStateClosed = 3 // eslint-disable-line
// disable gc when using snapshots!
const gcEnabled = process.env.GC !== 'false' && process.env.GC !== '0'
// const persistenceDir = process.env.YPERSISTENCE
/**
* @type {{bindState: function(string,WSSharedDoc):void, writeState:function(string,WSSharedDoc):Promise<any>, provider: any}|null}
*/
let persistence = null
/**
* @param {{bindState: function(string,WSSharedDoc):void,
* writeState:function(string,WSSharedDoc):Promise<any>,provider:any}|null} persistence_
*/
export const setPersistence = persistence_ => {
persistence = persistence_
}
/**
* @return {null|{bindState: function(string,WSSharedDoc):void,
* writeState:function(string,WSSharedDoc):Promise<any>}|null} used persistence layer
*/
export const getPersistence = () => persistence
/**
* @type {Map<string,WSSharedDoc>}
*/
export const docs = new Map()
const messageSync = 0
const messageAwareness = 1
// const messageAuth = 2
//const messageTextMessage = 3
//const messageStateMessage = 4
/**
* @param {Uint8Array} update
* @param {any} _origin
* @param {WSSharedDoc} doc
* @param {any} _tr
*/
const updateHandler = (update, _origin, doc, _tr) => {
const encoder = encoding.createEncoder()
encoding.writeVarUint(encoder, messageSync)
syncProtocol.writeUpdate(encoder, update)
const message = encoding.toUint8Array(encoder)
doc.conns.forEach((_, conn) => send(doc, conn, message))
}
/**
* @type {(ydoc: Y.Doc) => Promise<void>}
*/
let contentInitializor = _ydoc => Promise.resolve()
/**
* This function is called once every time a Yjs document is created. You can
* use it to pull data from an external source or initialize content.
*
* @param {(ydoc: Y.Doc) => Promise<void>} f
*/
export const setContentInitializor = (f) => {
contentInitializor = f
}
export class WSSharedDoc extends Y.Doc {
/**
* @param {string} name
*/
constructor (name) {
super({ gc: gcEnabled })
this.name = name
/**
* Maps from conn to set of controlled user ids. Delete all user ids from awareness when this conn is closed
* @type {Map<Object, Set<number>>}
*/
this.conns = new Map()
/**
* @type {awarenessProtocol.Awareness}
*/
this.awareness = new awarenessProtocol.Awareness(this)
this.awareness.setLocalState(null)
/**
* @param {{ added: Array<number>, updated: Array<number>, removed: Array<number> }} changes
* @param {Object | null} conn Origin is the connection that made the change
*/
const awarenessChangeHandler = ({ added, updated, removed }, conn) => {
const changedClients = added.concat(updated, removed)
if (conn !== null) {
const connControlledIDs = /** @type {Set<number>} */ (this.conns.get(conn))
if (connControlledIDs !== undefined) {
added.forEach(clientID => { connControlledIDs.add(clientID) })
removed.forEach(clientID => { connControlledIDs.delete(clientID) })
}
}
// broadcast awareness update
const encoder = encoding.createEncoder()
encoding.writeVarUint(encoder, messageAwareness)
encoding.writeVarUint8Array(encoder, awarenessProtocol.encodeAwarenessUpdate(this.awareness, changedClients))
const buff = encoding.toUint8Array(encoder)
this.conns.forEach((_, c) => {
send(this, c, buff)
})
}
this.awareness.on('update', awarenessChangeHandler)
this.on('update', /** @type {any} */ (updateHandler))
//if (isCallbackSet) {
// this.on('update', (_update, _origin, doc) => {
// debouncer(() => callbackHandler(/** @type {WSSharedDoc} */ (doc)))
// })
//}
this.whenInitialized = contentInitializor(this)
}
}
/**
* Gets a Y.Doc by name, whether in memory or on disk
*
* @param {string} docname - the name of the Y.Doc to find or create
* @param {boolean} gc - whether to allow gc on the doc (applies only when created)
* @return {WSSharedDoc}
*/
export const getYDoc = (docname, gc = true) => map.setIfUndefined(docs, docname, () => {
const doc = new WSSharedDoc(docname)
doc.gc = gc
if (persistence !== null) {
persistence.bindState(docname, doc)
}
docs.set(docname, doc)
return doc
})
/**
* @param {any} conn
* @param {WSSharedDoc} doc
* @param {Uint8Array} message
*/
const messageListener = (conn, doc, message) => {
try {
const encoder = encoding.createEncoder()
const decoder = decoding.createDecoder(new Uint8Array(message))
const messageType = decoding.readVarUint(decoder)
switch (messageType) {
case messageSync:
encoding.writeVarUint(encoder, messageSync)
syncProtocol.readSyncMessage(decoder, encoder, doc, conn)
// If the `encoder` only contains the type of reply message and no
// message, there is no need to send the message. When `encoder` only
// contains the type of reply, its length is 1.
if (encoding.length(encoder) > 1) {
send(doc, conn, encoding.toUint8Array(encoder))
}
break
case messageAwareness: {
awarenessProtocol.applyAwarenessUpdate(doc.awareness, decoding.readVarUint8Array(decoder), conn)
break
}
// If this is a text or a message (no Yjs logic) - echo the message back to the client
default: {
conn.send(String(message))
console.log(String(message))
break
}
}
} catch (err) {
console.error(err)
// @ts-ignore
doc.emit('error', [err])
}
}
/**
* @param {WSSharedDoc} doc
* @param {any} conn
*/
const closeConn = (doc, conn) => {
if (doc.conns.has(conn)) {
/**
* @type {Set<number>}
*/
// @ts-ignore
const controlledIds = doc.conns.get(conn)
doc.conns.delete(conn)
awarenessProtocol.removeAwarenessStates(doc.awareness, Array.from(controlledIds), null)
if (doc.conns.size === 0 && persistence !== null) {
// if persisted, we store state and destroy ydocument
persistence.writeState(doc.name, doc).then(() => {
doc.destroy()
})
docs.delete(doc.name)
}
}
conn.close()
}
/**
* @param {WSSharedDoc} doc
* @param {import('ws').WebSocket} conn
* @param {Uint8Array} m
*/
const send = (doc, conn, m) => {
if (conn.readyState !== wsReadyStateConnecting && conn.readyState !== wsReadyStateOpen) {
closeConn(doc, conn)
}
try {
conn.send(m, {}, err => { err != null && closeConn(doc, conn) })
} catch (e) {
closeConn(doc, conn)
}
}
const pingTimeout = 30000
/**
* @param {import('ws').WebSocket} conn
* @param {import('http').IncomingMessage} req
* @param {any} opts
*/
export const setupWSConnection = (conn, req, { docName = (req.url || '').slice(1).split('?')[0], gc = true } = {}) => {
conn.binaryType = 'arraybuffer'
// get doc, initialize if it does not exist yet
const doc = getYDoc(docName, gc)
doc.conns.set(conn, new Set())
// listen and reply to events
conn.on('message', /** @param {ArrayBuffer} message */ message => messageListener(conn, doc, message))
// Check if connection is still alive
let pongReceived = true
const pingInterval = setInterval(() => {
if (!pongReceived) {
if (doc.conns.has(conn)) {
closeConn(doc, conn)
}
clearInterval(pingInterval)
} else if (doc.conns.has(conn)) {
pongReceived = false
try {
conn.ping()
} catch (e) {
closeConn(doc, conn)
clearInterval(pingInterval)
}
}
}, pingTimeout)
conn.on('close', () => {
closeConn(doc, conn)
clearInterval(pingInterval)
})
conn.on('pong', () => {
pongReceived = true
})
// put the following in a variables in a block so the interval handlers don't keep in in
// scope
{
// send sync step 1
const encoder = encoding.createEncoder()
encoding.writeVarUint(encoder, messageSync)
syncProtocol.writeSyncStep1(encoder, doc)
send(doc, conn, encoding.toUint8Array(encoder))
const awarenessStates = doc.awareness.getStates()
if (awarenessStates.size > 0) {
const encoder = encoding.createEncoder()
encoding.writeVarUint(encoder, messageAwareness)
encoding.writeVarUint8Array(encoder, awarenessProtocol.encodeAwarenessUpdate(doc.awareness, Array.from(awarenessStates.keys())))
send(doc, conn, encoding.toUint8Array(encoder))
}
}
}